Indicator whether a mayor is running for current election

[Marco Errico]

Hi all,

I am encountering the following problem and I would love to receive any guidance that can help me to tackle it.

I have a dataset of elections, for each municipality, over the years.

I share a -dataex- of my dataset, where the unit of observation is the candidate for each municipality, each election_date. Specifically if any candidate didn't receive a thresholds of vote, then there is a second round of election (round 1-2).
The candidate elected is identifies with "eletto" variable that is equal to "S"

I need an indicator that tells me whether, for the current election, the mayor (who has been elected in the previous one), is running for election again.
Ideally, it has to be 1 for the whole municipality-election_date

* Example generated by -dataex-. For more info, type help dataex
clear
input str35 municipality byte round str1 eletto float election_date str69 full_name
"ABANO TERME"           1 ""  15108 "ALESSANDRO GHIRO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 15108 "LIVIO PEZZATO"                   
"ABANO TERME"           2 "C" 15108 "MARINO MASSAROTTI"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 ""  15108 "GIOVANNI PONCHIO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 15108 "FLAVIO MANZOLINI"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 ""  15108 "MARINO MASSAROTTI"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 ""  15108 "GIOVANNI SALMASO"                
"ABANO TERME"           2 "S" 15108 "GIOVANNI PONCHIO"                
"ABANO TERME"           2 "C" 16949 "DARIO VERDICCHIO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 16949 "GIORGIO PAJARO"                  
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 16949 "PAOLO GRUPPO"                    
"ABANO TERME"           2 "S" 16949 "ANDREA BRONZATO"                 
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 16949 "FLAVIO MANZOLINI"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 16949 "ANDREA COSENTINO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 16949 "RAFFAELE BOTTIN"                 
"ABANO TERME"           1 ""  16949 "ANDREA BRONZATO"                 
"ABANO TERME"           1 ""  16949 "DARIO VERDICCHIO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 18762 "DAVIDE FAGGION"                  
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 18762 "GIOVANNI SPADATI"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 18762 "GIAN PIETRO BANO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 18762 "LUCA CLAUDIO"                    
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 18762 "PAOLA CARNIELETTO"               
"ABANO TERME"           2 "S" 18762 "LUCA CLAUDIO"                    
"ABANO TERME"           2 "C" 18762 "GIAN PIETRO BANO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 18762 "FLAVIO MANZOLINI"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 18762 "SONIA DELLA GRECA"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 18762 "ALDO FRANCISCI"                  
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20610 "BRUNO FABBRI"                    
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20610 "LUCA CLAUDIO"                    
"ABANO TERME"           2 "C" 20610 "MONICA LAZZARETTO"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 20610 "MASSIMO ZAMBOLIN"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 20610 "ANDREA COSENTINO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 20610 "MONICA LAZZARETTO"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20610 "TIZIANO ROSSETTO"                
"ABANO TERME"           2 "S" 20610 "LUCA CLAUDIO"                    
"ABANO TERME"           2 "C" 20981 "EMANUELE BOCCARDO"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20981 "FEDERICO BARBIERATO"             
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 20981 "MONICA LAZZARETTO"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20981 "PAOLO GRUPPO"                    
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20981 "SABRINA TALARICO"                
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 20981 "EMANUELE BOCCARDO"               
"ABANO TERME"           1 "N" 20981 "MICHELE DI BARI"                 
"ABANO TERME"           2 "S" 20981 "FEDERICO BARBIERATO"             
"ABANO TERME"           1 "C" 20981 "STEFANIA CHIARELLI"              
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "S" 16234 "ADRIANO CUCCHI"                  
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 ""  16234 "DANILO DENTI"                    
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "S" 18055 "ADRIANO CUCCHI"                  
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "N" 18055 "PIETRO PEA"                      
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 ""  18055 "ELIA DEVECCHI"                   
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "N" 19868 "LUIGI PORATI"                    
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "S" 19868 "AGOSTINA MARAZZI"                
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "S" 21695 "AGOSTINA MARAZZI"                
"ABBADIA CERRETO"       1 "N" 21695 "CARLOTTA MARTA BEDONI"           
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 ""  16234 "GIANCARLO VITALI"                
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "S" 16234 "ROCCO CARDAMONE"                 
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "N" 18055 "MATTIA MICHELI"                  
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "S" 18055 "CRISTINA BARTESAGHI"             
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "N" 19868 "MATTIA MICHELI"                  
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "N" 19868 "FLAVIO ANGELI"                   
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "S" 19868 "CRISTINA BARTESAGHI"             
"ABBADIA LARIANA"       1 "S" 21695 "ROBERTO SERGIO AZZONI"           
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 ""  16234 "ERICA CIPRINI"                   
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 ""  16234 "PAOLO FORTI"                     
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "S" 16234 "LORENZO AVANZATI"                
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 18055 "MARIO PACINI"                    
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 18055 "GIANCARLO MINGHI"                
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 18055 "LUCIANO PACINI"                  
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "S" 18055 "LORENZO AVANZATI"                
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 18055 "VELIO AREZZINI"                  
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 18055 "ANDREA TONDI"                    
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 19868 "GIACOMO BISCONTI"                
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "S" 19868 "FABRIZIO TONDI"                  
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 19868 "LETIZIA NOCCI"                   
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "S" 21695 "FABRIZIO TONDI"                  
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 21695 "ROSARIO CASTRO"                  
"ABBADIA SAN SALVATORE" 1 "N" 21695 "FRANCESCA BRUNA BAIOCCHI"        
"ABBASANTA"             1 "S" 14716 "STEFANO PINNA"                   
"ABBASANTA"             1 ""  14716 "UGO BERNARDINO MURGIA"           
"ABBASANTA"             1 "S" 16564 "STEFANO SANNA"                   
"ABBASANTA"             1 ""  16564 "SIMONELLO DEMURTAS"              
"ABBASANTA"             1 "S" 18412 "STEFANO SANNA"                   
"ABBASANTA"             1 "N" 18412 "FILOMENA DERIU"                  
"ABBASANTA"             1 "N" 20239 "SERAFINO ANGELO MELE"            
"ABBASANTA"             1 "S" 20239 "STEFANO SANNA"                   
"ABBASANTA"             1 "S" 22213 "PATRIZIA CARTA"                  
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 ""  16234 "AGOSTINO DI MATTEO"              
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "S" 16234 "ANTONIO DI MARCO"                
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 18055 "CROCE SCIPIONE"                  
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 18055 "TONY DI FIORE"                   
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 18055 "ANDREA RICCI"                    
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "S" 18055 "ANTONIO DI MARCO"                
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 19868 "CROCE SCIPIONE"                  
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "S" 19868 "ANTONIO DI MARCO"                
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 19868 "ROBERTO RICCI"                   
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 21695 "FABRIZIO CANZURLO"               
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "S" 21695 "GABRIELE LUCIANO DI PIERDOMENICO"
"ABBATEGGIO"            1 "N" 21695 "SALVATORE RUBINI"                
"ABBIATEGRASSO"         1 "S" 15486 "ALBERTO FOSSATI"                 
"ABBIATEGRASSO"         1 "N" 15486 "DARIO BARONI"                    
"ABBIATEGRASSO"         1 "C" 15486 "FRANCO BARDAZZI"                 
end
format %td election_date

Thank you very much for your help

[Marco Errico]

I have almost addressed the issue to identify whether the mayor runs again for the election with the following code

gen full_name= surname + " " + candidate_name + " " + municipality //This gives me a unique candidate full_name

sort full_name  election_date round
gen run_again=1 if full_name==full_name[_n-1] & eletto[_n-1]=="S"

With this code I have the correct indicator variable, but I am having issue to carryforward and backward in order to have it equal to 1 for the whole combination municipality name - election_date.
The code below seems do not address the issue

bys municipalityelection_date: carryforward run_again, gen(run_again1)

gsort municipality-election_date
bys municipalityelection_date: replace run_again1 = run_again1[_n-1] if missing(run_again1)
sort municipalityelection_date

[Clyde Schechter]

I have made a slight change to your code for the initial generation of run_again so that it produces a 1/0 variable instead of the 1/missing variable your code created. This is not crucial for present purposes, but, in Stata generally, 1/0 variables are easier to work with than 1/missing.

sort full_name election_date round
gen run_again = full_name == full_name[_n-1] & eletto[_n-1] == "S"

by municipality election_date (run_again), sort: ///
    replace run_again = run_again[_N]