twoway bar: adding label above bars and imposing gaps between bars

Paula de Souza Leao Spinola

Join Date: Jun 2015
Posts: 384

twoway bar: adding label above bars and imposing gaps between bars

29 May 2018, 12:27

I need to transform a graph bar into a twoway bar once I will be plotting two different things on the same plot.

I have two main questions
1) how to have gaps between the bars as it is the default with the graph bar command?
2) how to add data value labels above the bars as with the option blabel with the graph bar command?

Below you can find the data structure, the graph bar command (which gives the output I would like to obtain with the twoway command) and the twoway bar command (still to add data value labels and impose gaps between bars).

Data structure

Code:

clear
input long country_id str48 country float cat_reg int percap_total float percap_total_reg byte Selection int year
102 "United States"          5 9839      7380 1 2015
 74 "Andorra"                2 9203  2798.714 0 2015
 94 "Switzerland"            2 7465  2798.714 1 2015
 90 "Norway"                 2 7024  2798.714 1 2015
 87 "Luxembourg"             2 6530  2798.714 1 2015
 89 "Netherlands"            2 5579  2798.714 1 2015
 93 "Sweden"                 2 5550  2798.714 1 2015
 81 "Germany"                2 5532  2798.714 1 2015
 84 "Ireland"                2 5371  2798.714 1 2015
 75 "Austria"                2 5183  2798.714 1 2015
 78 "Denmark"                2 5144  2798.714 1 2015
 76 "Belgium"                2 4939  2798.714 1 2015
101 "Canada"                 5 4921      7380 1 2015
 80 "France"                 2 4741  2798.714 1 2015
 71 "Australia"              1 4400 1098.6072 1 2015
 67 "Japan"                  1 4286 1098.6072 1 2015
 95 "United Kingdom"         2 4285  2798.714 1 2015
 83 "Iceland"                2 4205  2798.714 1 2015
 79 "Finland"                2 4101  2798.714 1 2015
 69 "Singapore"              1 3657 1098.6072 0 2015
 72 "New Zealand"            1 3648 1098.6072 1 2015
 88 "Malta"                  4 3642 1419.9524 0 2015
 86 "Italy"                  2 3445  2798.714 1 2015
 92 "Spain"                  2 3363  2798.714 1 2015
151 "Qatar"                  4 3251 1419.9524 0 2015
152 "Saudi Arabia"           4 3138 1419.9524 0 2015
 68 "South Korea"            1 2835 1098.6072 1 2015
 77 "Cyprus"                 2 2821  2798.714 0 2015
 55 "Slovenia"               2 2806  2798.714 1 2015
 91 "Portugal"               2 2712  2798.714 1 2015
145 "Kuwait"                 4 2640 1419.9524 0 2015
 85 "Israel"                 4 2560 1419.9524 1 2015
  8 "Taiwan"                 1 2535 1098.6072 0 2015
 47 "Czech Republic"         2 2534  2798.714 1 2015
156 "United Arab Emirates"   4 2489 1419.9524 0 2015
140 "Bahrain"                4 2470 1419.9524 0 2015
 82 "Greece"                 2 2352  2798.714 1 2015
 54 "Slovakia"               2 2216  2798.714 1 2015
 66 "Brunei"                 1 2092 1098.6072 0 2015
 99 "Uruguay"                3 2038  948.9063 1 2015
 48 "Hungary"                2 2031  2798.714 1 2015
119 "Trinidad and Tobago"    3 2024  948.9063 0 2015
 98 "Chile"                  3 1950  948.9063 1 2015
 58 "Estonia"                2 1946  2798.714 1 2015
 60 "Lithuania"              2 1941  2798.714 0 2015
 14 "Maldives"               6 1850   411.375 0 2015
106 "The Bahamas"            3 1818  948.9063 0 2015
 51 "Poland"                 2 1757  2798.714 1 2015
 46 "Croatia"                2 1736  2798.714 0 2015
150 "Oman"                   4 1684 1419.9524 0 2015
 59 "Latvia"                 2 1683  2798.714 1 2015
 45 "Bulgaria"               2 1620  2798.714 0 2015
132 "Panama"                 3 1588  948.9063 1 2015
 62 "Russian Federation"     2 1544  2798.714 0 2015
 97 "Argentina"              3 1457  948.9063 1 2015
135 "Brazil"                 3 1431  948.9063 1 2015
 53 "Serbia"                 2 1398  2798.714 0 2015
126 "Costa Rica"             3 1339  948.9063 1 2015
107 "Barbados"               3 1237  948.9063 0 2015
 57 "Belarus"                2 1232  2798.714 0 2015
142 "Iran"                   4 1232 1419.9524 0 2015
 34 "Azerbaijan"             2 1221  2798.714 0 2015
146 "Lebanon"                4 1207 1419.9524 0 2015
105 "Antigua and Barbuda"    3 1198  948.9063 0 2015
 40 "Turkmenistan"           2 1171  2798.714 0 2015
 52 "Romania"                2 1128  2798.714 0 2015
196 "South Africa"           7 1109 282.41666 0 2015
183 "Mauritius"              7 1094 282.41666 0 2015
172 "Equatorial Guinea"      7 1089 282.41666 0 2015
130 "Mexico"                 3 1081  948.9063 1 2015
 44 "Bosnia and Herzegovina" 2 1076  2798.714 0 2015
 13 "Malaysia"               1 1072 1098.6072 0 2015
195 "Namibia"                7 1033 282.41666 0 2015
155 "Turkey"                 2 1029  2798.714 1 2015
122 "Ecuador"                3 1028  948.9063 1 2015
139 "Algeria"                4 1026 1419.9524 0 2015
193 "Botswana"               7 1019 282.41666 0 2015
 36 "Kazakhstan"             2 1017  2798.714 0 2015
118 "Suriname"               3  993  948.9063 0 2015
 50 "Montenegro"             2  985  2798.714 0 2015
109 "Cuba"                   3  977  948.9063 0 2015
186 "Seychelles"             7  957 282.41666 0 2015
111 "Dominican Republic"     3  932  948.9063 0 2015
 49 "Macedonia"              2  921  2798.714 0 2015
125 "Colombia"               3  861  948.9063 1 2015
 33 "Armenia"                2  849  2798.714 0 2015
 43 "Albania"                2  848  2798.714 0 2015
 35 "Georgia"                2  803  2798.714 0 2015
154 "Tunisia"                4  791 1419.9524 0 2015
  6 "China"                  1  779 1098.6072 0 2015
136 "Paraguay"               3  738  948.9063 1 2015
144 "Jordan"                 4  730 1419.9524 0 2015
112 "Grenada"                3  715  948.9063 0 2015
116 "Saint Lucia"            3  714  948.9063 0 2015
197 "Swaziland"              7  693 282.41666 0 2015
123 "Peru"                   3  683  948.9063 1 2015
 18 "Thailand"               1  614 1098.6072 0 2015
110 "Dominica"               3  606  948.9063 0 2015
 24 "Marshall Islands"       1  604 1098.6072 0 2015
127 "El Salvador"            3  598  948.9063 1 2015
end
label values cat_reg cat_reg
label def cat_reg 1 "East Asia and Pacific", modify
label def cat_reg 2 "Europe and Central Asia", modify
label def cat_reg 3 "Latin America and the Caribbean", modify
label def cat_reg 4 "Middle East and North Africa", modify
label def cat_reg 5 "North America", modify
label def cat_reg 6 "South Asia", modify
label def cat_reg 7 "Sub-Saharan Africa", modify

label var cat_reg "classification of country by region"
label var Selection "selection of countries for the graph"
label var percap_total "Total Health Spending per Capita (thousands of 2017 US$, PPP)"
label var percap_total_reg "Total Health Spending per Capita by Region (thousands of 2017 US$, PPP)"

* highlighting Brazil in the graph
separate percap_total, by(country == "Brazil")

Graph using the graph bar command

Code:

graph bar percap_total0 percap_total1 if year==2015 & Selection==1, ///
over(country, label(angle(90) labsize(vsmall)) sort(percap_total) descending) ///
ytitle("") yscale(off) blabel(total, orientation(vertical) size(vsmall)) legend(off) nofill ///
bar(2, bcolor(red))

Graph using the twoway command so far

Code:

labmask country_id, values(country)

gsort -year -Selection -percap_total
gen axis = _n
labmask axis, values(country)

twoway bar percap_total0 percap_total1 axis if year==2015 & Selection==1, ///
ytitle("") yscale(off) legend(off) plotregion(margin(zero)) ///
xla(1/45, valuelabels ang(v) labsize(vsmall) notick)

Many thanks!

Tags: None

Andrew Musau

Join Date: Oct 2014
Posts: 10106

29 May 2018, 15:04

I have two main questions
1) how to have gaps between the bars as it is the default with the graph bar command?

The option barw() will do this.

2) how to add data value labels above the bars as with the option blabel with the graph bar command?

Possibilities include specifying these using the text option but marker labels would be simpler. Here I use labmask from Stata journal authored by Nick Cox to label the y variable using its values.

Code:

*ASSIGN VALUE LABELS
labmask percap_total0 , val( percap_total0 )
*THE POSITION OF MARKERS IS SLIGHTLY ELEVATED, SOME TWEEKING NEEDED
gen var= percap_total0+200

*TWOWAY COMMAND
twoway (bar percap_total0 percap_total1 axis if year==2015 & Selection==1, ///
ytitle("") barw(0.7) yscale(off) legend(off) plotregion(margin(zero)) ///
xla(1/45, valuelabels ang(v) labsize(vsmall) notick)) ///
(scatter var percap_total1 axis if year==2015 & Selection==1, ///
msym(none) mlab( percap_total0) mlabpos(12) mlabcolor(black) mlabsize(vsmall) mlabangle(ver))

Click image for larger version

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Comment

Mamun Huda

Join Date: May 2018

Posts: 9
#3

25 Aug 2020, 19:45

Hi Andrew, Is it possible to make cluster of the bars/countries based on region variable (cat_reg) using 'twoway bar' command ?
Comment
Nick Cox

Join Date: Mar 2014

Posts: 35470
#4

26 Aug 2020, 02:32

#3 sounds as if you are reaching for

Code:

help by option

but graph hbar is likely to work better if you have very different numbers of observations in each region, which is usually true.
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twoway bar: adding label above bars and imposing gaps between bars

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