Bar chart with frequencies of one variable stacked up to 100%

Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017

Posts: 25
#1

Bar chart with frequencies of one variable stacked up to 100%

22 Jun 2017, 03:08

Hello,

I have a variable with 10,000 observations. The observations can take on 5 different values (1 - 5). I would like to make a bar chart that shows the frequencies of responses stacked up to 100%. How do I do that?

Thanks.
Florian
Tags: None
Nick Cox

Join Date: Mar 2014

Posts: 35485
#2

22 Jun 2017, 03:46

You mean something like

Code:

sysuse auto, clear graph bar (count), over(rep78) percent stack asyvars

???

Last edited by Nick Cox; 22 Jun 2017, 04:22.
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Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017

Posts: 25
#3

22 Jun 2017, 06:26

Yes, that helps. How do I do that when I have multiple variables and want to show them in a bar plot? I was able to collapse the data for one variable, but how can I collapse 10+ variables to show the frequencies of the individual responses?
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Nick Cox

Join Date: Mar 2014

Posts: 35485
#4

22 Jun 2017, 06:33

Concrete example please.
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Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017
Posts: 25

22 Jun 2017, 06:44

I want to analyse 16 variables. There are about 10,000 observations and I want to create a stacked bar graph for each variable that shows the frequency of each response.
Here's part of the data:

Code:

* Example generated by -dataex-. To install: ssc install dataex
clear
input double(_GERMINATION_CROP_STAND _HEIGHT _STALK_THICKNESS _NUMBER_OF_COBS _COB_SIZE)
5 4 3 5 3
4 5 5 4 5
5 4 3 4 3
5 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 4 4
4 5 4 4 4
5 5 5 4 5
4 4 3 2 2
4 5 3 4 3
5 3 3 3 4
4 4 4 4 3
4 4 3 4 3
4 4 3 3 2
4 4 3 4 4
4 3 4 3 4
4 5 5 4 4
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 3 4 4
5 4 4 5 5
3 4 4 4 4
4 3 3 3 3
5 4 3 3 3
5 3 3 4 3
4 3 2 2 2
5 3 2 4 3
5 4 4 5 5
3 4 4 5 5
4 4 3 4 3
3 2 2 2 2
5 4 3 5 5
5 2 1 1 2
5 4 5 4 2
5 2 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
3 3 3 4 5
4 3 4 4 5
5 5 4 5 5
5 5 5 5 4
5 4 4 4 5
5 4 5 4 4
5 4 3 5 5
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 5 4 5
5 3 4 3 5
5 3 4 4 5
5 3 5 5 5
5 3 4 5 4
5 5 4 5 4
5 4 4 3 5
4 4 4 5 5
5 4 3 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
5 5 4 4 5
4 5 3 3 4
5 4 3 4 4
4 4 5 3 3
5 5 5 4 3
5 5 4 5 5
4 3 4 4 4
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 5 4 5
4 5 5 3 4
5 5 5 4 5
5 4 3 2 2
5 4 5 5 5
5 5 5 4 2
5 1 5 1 5
4 5 4 5 5
3 5 3 5 5
4 3 3 5 5
5 3 2 3 4
4 3 5 5 5
4 4 5 4 3
5 3 4 3 4
4 3 4 5 5
5 4 4 5 5
5 5 4 5 5
3 5 5 5 4
4 4 4 4 4
5 4 5 4 5
5 4 4 5 4
4 4 4 5 5
5 5 5 5 5
5 3 5 1 4
5 4 5 5 5
4 5 3 5 5
5 4 4 5 5
5 5 4 3 5
5 5 4 3 3
5 5 4 3 4
4 5 5 3 3
5 5 4 4 4
5 3 4 4 4
5 4 5 3 5
5 5 2 5 5
5 5 5 5 5
5 5 4 5 3
5 4 4 5 4
5 5 4 5 5
end
label values _GERMINATION_CROP_STAND GERMINATION_CROP_STAND
label def GERMINATION_CROP_STAND 3 "C", modify
label def GERMINATION_CROP_STAND 4 "B", modify
label def GERMINATION_CROP_STAND 5 "A", modify
label values _HEIGHT HEIGHT
label def HEIGHT 1 "E", modify
label def HEIGHT 2 "D", modify
label def HEIGHT 3 "C", modify
label def HEIGHT 4 "B", modify
label def HEIGHT 5 "A", modify
label values _STALK_THICKNESS STALK_THICKNESS
label def STALK_THICKNESS 1 "E", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 2 "D", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 3 "C", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 4 "B", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 5 "A", modify
label values _NUMBER_OF_COBS NUMBER_OF_COBS
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 1 "E", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 2 "D", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 3 "C", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 4 "B", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 5 "A", modify
label values _COB_SIZE COB_SIZE
label def COB_SIZE 2 "D", modify
label def COB_SIZE 3 "C", modify
label def COB_SIZE 4 "B", modify
label def COB_SIZE 5 "A", modify

Comment

Nick Cox

Join Date: Mar 2014

Posts: 35485
#6

22 Jun 2017, 06:48

At first sight the principles here were all covered in your previous thread. https://www.statalist.org/forums/for...bles-on-x-axis
Comment
Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017

Posts: 25
#7

22 Jun 2017, 07:13

Somehow I cannot get the collapse command to work for count with multiple variables. I've tried seemingly forever. I managed to do it with one variable, when I created a duplicate that contains 1s and used that as the clist variable in the collapse command:

Code:

gen xgermination = _GERMINATION_CROP_STAND replace xgermination = 1 collapse (count) xgermination, by(_GERMINATION_CROP_STAND)

In order to create the graph I would need the collapsed data of all 16 variables, though. I somehow cannot get it done.
Comment
Friedrich Huebler

Join Date: Apr 2014

Posts: 1053
#8

22 Jun 2017, 07:39

Originally posted by Florian Neubauer View Post

Somehow I cannot get the collapse command to work for count with multiple variables.

Please show the commands that you tried.
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Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017

Posts: 25
#9

22 Jun 2017, 07:54

Code:

foreach var of varlist _GERMINATION_CROP_STAND-_COB_SIZE{ gen x`var' =1 } collapse (count) x_GERMINATION_CROP_STAND-x_COB_SIZE, by(_GERMINATION_CROP_STAND-_COB_SIZE)

I tried it with a loop as well but that was even worse. It seems I cannot manage to pair each variable with its specific duplicate.
Comment

Friedrich Huebler

Join Date: Apr 2014
Posts: 1053

#10

22 Jun 2017, 10:54

I would propose that you change the structure of your data and use graph bar, over() by(), building on Nick's example in post #2. The variable names in the example below are not optimal but you can change them to something more meaningful.

Code:

ren _GERMINATION_CROP_STAND var1
ren _HEIGHT var2
ren _STALK_THICKNESS var3
ren _NUMBER_OF_COBS var4

stack var1 var2 var3 var4, into(var) clear
lab def var 1 "E" 2 "D" 3 "C" 4 "B" 5 "A"
lab val var var
lab def stack 1 "GERMINATION_CROP_STAND" 2 "HEIGHT" 3 "STALK_THICKNESS" 4 "NUMBER_OF_COBS"
lab val _stack stack

graph bar (count), over(var) percent stack asyvars by(_stack, note("")) legend(row(1))

Click image for larger version

Name: graph.png
Views: 1
Size: 16.2 KB
ID: 1398986

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Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017

Posts: 25
#11

23 Jun 2017, 00:23

Thanks a lot! This is very helpful.
Comment

Nick Cox

Join Date: Mar 2014
Posts: 35485

#12

23 Jun 2017, 04:13

Friedrich did the hard work of showing you what to do to get you asked, but that still leaves scope for comment.

The stacked design is popular -- but is it effective? For the same data, I suggest as one alternative a multiple bar chart in table layout.

Below is the complete code for anyone's convenience. You need to install tabplot from the Stata Journal. See the 2016 paper if you have access

http://www.stata-journal.com/article...article=gr0066

and otherwise

https://www.statalist.org/forums/for...updated-on-ssc

and if you need more examples search this forum for mentions.

Code:

* Example generated by -dataex-. To install: ssc install dataex
clear
input double(_GERMINATION_CROP_STAND _HEIGHT _STALK_THICKNESS _NUMBER_OF_COBS _COB_SIZE)
5 4 3 5 3
4 5 5 4 5
5 4 3 4 3
5 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 4 4
4 5 4 4 4
5 5 5 4 5
4 4 3 2 2
4 5 3 4 3
5 3 3 3 4
4 4 4 4 3
4 4 3 4 3
4 4 3 3 2
4 4 3 4 4
4 3 4 3 4
4 5 5 4 4
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 3 4 4
5 4 4 5 5
3 4 4 4 4
4 3 3 3 3
5 4 3 3 3
5 3 3 4 3
4 3 2 2 2
5 3 2 4 3
5 4 4 5 5
3 4 4 5 5
4 4 3 4 3
3 2 2 2 2
5 4 3 5 5
5 2 1 1 2
5 4 5 4 2
5 2 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
3 3 3 4 5
4 3 4 4 5
5 5 4 5 5
5 5 5 5 4
5 4 4 4 5
5 4 5 4 4
5 4 3 5 5
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 5 4 5
5 3 4 3 5
5 3 4 4 5
5 3 5 5 5
5 3 4 5 4
5 5 4 5 4
5 4 4 3 5
4 4 4 5 5
5 4 3 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
5 5 4 4 5
4 5 3 3 4
5 4 3 4 4
4 4 5 3 3
5 5 5 4 3
5 5 4 5 5
4 3 4 4 4
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 5 4 5
5 5 5 4 5
4 5 5 3 4
5 5 5 4 5
5 4 3 2 2
5 4 5 5 5
5 5 5 4 2
5 1 5 1 5
4 5 4 5 5
3 5 3 5 5
4 3 3 5 5
5 3 2 3 4
4 3 5 5 5
4 4 5 4 3
5 3 4 3 4
4 3 4 5 5
5 4 4 5 5
5 5 4 5 5
3 5 5 5 4
4 4 4 4 4
5 4 5 4 5
5 4 4 5 4
4 4 4 5 5
5 5 5 5 5
5 3 5 1 4
5 4 5 5 5
4 5 3 5 5
5 4 4 5 5
5 5 4 3 5
5 5 4 3 3
5 5 4 3 4
4 5 5 3 3
5 5 4 4 4
5 3 4 4 4
5 4 5 3 5
5 5 2 5 5
5 5 5 5 5
5 5 4 5 3
5 4 4 5 4
5 5 4 5 5
end

label values _GERMINATION_CROP_STAND GERMINATION_CROP_STAND
label def GERMINATION_CROP_STAND 3 "C", modify
label def GERMINATION_CROP_STAND 4 "B", modify
label def GERMINATION_CROP_STAND 5 "A", modify
label values _HEIGHT HEIGHT
label def HEIGHT 1 "E", modify
label def HEIGHT 2 "D", modify
label def HEIGHT 3 "C", modify
label def HEIGHT 4 "B", modify
label def HEIGHT 5 "A", modify
label values _STALK_THICKNESS STALK_THICKNESS
label def STALK_THICKNESS 1 "E", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 2 "D", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 3 "C", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 4 "B", modify
label def STALK_THICKNESS 5 "A", modify
label values _NUMBER_OF_COBS NUMBER_OF_COBS
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 1 "E", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 2 "D", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 3 "C", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 4 "B", modify
label def NUMBER_OF_COBS 5 "A", modify
label values _COB_SIZE COB_SIZE
label def COB_SIZE 2 "D", modify
label def COB_SIZE 3 "C", modify
label def COB_SIZE 4 "B", modify
label def COB_SIZE 5 "A", modify

ren (_GERMINATION_CROP_STAND _HEIGHT _STALK_THICKNESS _NUMBER_OF_COBS) (var#), addnumber 
stack var?, into(var) clear
lab def var 1 "E" 2 "D" 3 "C" 4 "B" 5 "A"
lab val var var
lab def stack 1 "germination crop stand"  2 "height" 3 "stalk thickness" 4 "number of cobs"
lab val _stack stack

tabplot _stack var , percent(_stack) xtitle("") ytitle("") bfcolor(green*0.2) showval subtitle(%)

There are many tweaks possible, e.g. xsc(reverse) and horizontal bars, not to mention by() if there is another layer of structure in the data.

Click image for larger version

Name: maize2.png
Views: 1
Size: 19.3 KB
ID: 1399065

With this plot I think you get a more readable display with the scope to look at fine structure (e.g. the low numbers of D and E gradings) and without the distractions of a legend and arbitrary colours.

Comment

Friedrich Huebler

Join Date: Apr 2014

Posts: 1053
#13

23 Jun 2017, 07:35

Originally posted by Nick Cox View Post

With this plot I think you get a more readable display with the scope to look at fine structure (e.g. the low numbers of D and E gradings) and without the distractions of a legend and arbitrary colours.

I agree with Nick. This should also work with your 16 variables if you increase the height of the graph.
1 like
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Florian Neubauer

Join Date: Jun 2017

Posts: 25
#14

04 Aug 2017, 04:55

Thanks for this option. This looks much better indeed. I only get to have the first 9 variables in the graph though. How can I display all 16?
Comment
Nick Cox

Join Date: Mar 2014

Posts: 35485
#15

04 Aug 2017, 05:05

Code:

stack var*, into(var) clear

plus other changes to match.
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