[Nick Cox]

Zuhumnan: You want precise advice without showing us the data. It's like asking a doctor: What medication should I take? when you haven't even made clear what the symptoms are.

We're all saying essentially the same thing: show the data on which the smooth was based. Perhaps the "outliers" deserve to stay; we can't tell on this information. Perhaps they aren't even outliers.

[Andrew Musau]

The main consideration is that your sample should be representative of the population that you are studying. If some of your results look overly unusual like the observation that Carlo makes, try to investigate whether this is a true relationship or just an artefact of the data. You should always look at the prevailing literature in the field to get an idea of the expected relationships. I have an ongoing working paper on saving motives and saving behavior, so I know that there is a lot of literature on consumption expenditure over the life cycle.

[Carlo Lazzaro]

Zuhumnan:
with a bit of guesswork, you shoud probably keep the so called outliers in the model (unless they are genuine data entry errors), since distributions concerning costs and incomes are always (positively) skewed.
This evidence is reminded by a funny story about a famous software tycoon walking into a diner: the median income stays the same, whereas the average one dramatically changes (quoted in https://www.pearsonhighered.com/vickers/, page 4).

[Zuhumnan Dapel]

Dear All, Thank you all very much for your comments,
I used dataex to bring the dataset here. I obtaind the sample below using bsample out of 97,000+ obervations. One is exploring independent cross-sections. I used the code provided in post #6 to produced the graph

----------------------- copy starting from the next line -----------------------


	
	
* Example generated by -dataex-. To install: ssc install dataex
clear
input int year double pce
1980      169473.671875
1992      73792.1171875
1980      132455.359375
2004         13489.5625
1996     16649.33984375
2010 260868.05644526344
1985      67645.4453125
1992     24840.59765625
1992       22250.109375
2010 10608.826375150662
1980         45122.0625
1996   7310.44287109375
1996      71272.1171875
2010 24075.616385236397
2004    29923.166015625
2010 13611.482557024134
2010 22985.741882858667
1992         988848.875
2004    28123.119140625
2004    23121.451171875
1980        222792.8125
2010 64015.352024657106
1996      167623.546875
2010 24794.156139708037
2010 19867.489431097474
1992     54190.15234375
2010 30953.969504717876
2004    18924.955078125
1996   12407.5986328125
2004      22779.9296875
2004     18464.26171875
2004     58623.77734375
1992        51886.21875
1992              73668
1992      32091.8359375
1996          174957.75
1992      145322.234375
2010 27921.675021920855
2004       123222.53125
2010 258488.24255743175
2010  64858.06364100512
2010  68722.62610159964
1996    21113.482421875
2010  29143.56863358445
2004      85961.6328125
2004     36532.45703125
1992          65404.375
1996    14803.833984375
2010  35614.59323235192
1980        94185.84375
2010 29785.891120432305
2004      50499.0234375
1996      8878.54296875
2004    30224.919921875
1992      78114.6484375
1996     104579.4765625
2004     44719.22265625
2010  76755.69090950176
2004        24282.40625
1985  3384.690673828125
2004     58857.48828125
2010  11756.95029574141
2004      37156.5546875
1996       27917.265625
2004      38537.2890625
1996      21411.4296875
2010  20312.86730176228
2010 20043.860127730986
2004         93518.0625
1996    27338.306640625
2004       3180.1640625
1980       135344.03125
2010  30123.13885808326
1980       244206.40625
1992      94721.6640625
2010 116579.23018117549
2004    23516.400390625
2004      27911.0703125
2004   7351.99853515625
1996    31423.111328125
1980      88171.2421875
1980     37945.00390625
1980      87652.8203125
1985     39000.66015625
1992       6196.4296875
1980     126409.5546875
1992     45983.91015625
2004     31242.19921875
2010  53030.58974805452
2010 28778.788986890908
2010 108505.06834891239
1992   14310.5107421875
1996    30128.880859375
2004      24544.4765625
2010 18735.817386898056
2010  40236.73084526261
2010   39181.4418215231
2004      83414.6171875
1980     38348.67578125
2010  97402.78368187384
1996    21223.162109375
2010   32180.3299738338
1992      83667.0546875
1985      93724.2109375
2010  83198.40927940825
2004         39602.1875
2010   29816.9340859014
1992    24130.291015625
2010  49951.51666922909
1996    19120.685546875
2010 40156.153189161516
2004        170217.0625
2010  7615.114797054298
2010   145500.723890846
2010  9403.779059035889
1996      218699.546875
2004    7905.7333984375
1992   7746.76904296875
1996    22405.318359375
1980    23292.560546875
2010 26942.988005964897
1996       5621.7421875
1992    9711.8251953125
2010  37391.65237605541
2010 29901.777760251924
2010  33806.45724668728
2004       55070.078125
1996     57662.66796875
2004      52153.1171875
1980      169560.171875
1985         17052.9375
2010 13115.391577753724
2010 62751.937932481844
2010 10065.206072590416
1996   10986.6083984375
1996        34872.65625
2004      35931.4921875
1992      239731.890625
2010  19617.70958605655
2010  66214.69616031667
2010  7843.181020562996
1980     51056.62890625
2010  25301.25576902145
1985      240889.015625
2010  26174.36185799066
2010   97016.9401163707
1980     37524.74609375
2004     27510.58203125
2010  69487.88637811333
2010  6880.402647250777
1996   6967.93310546875
2010 109824.87712136068
2004     57347.63671875
2010 21592.002506000266
1992     38683.47265625
1996      25543.7109375
2004      16024.6171875
1996   13661.6650390625
2010  73333.51187964936
1985      132583.546875
2004     30547.69921875
1980      72915.1328125
1996     13642.84765625
2004  2788.549560546875
2010  69328.78785292874
2004     40472.01953125
1996       20176.359375
2010  49893.70401578863
1980        1394782.125
2004     30781.73046875
1992      190550.296875
2010 16236.582815200647
1996    23481.376953125
1985    25421.005859375
1992        135874.9375
1996     39466.80859375
2010  19640.52540345526
2010  28681.59007193822
1985    24362.009765625
2010 112129.78524576097
1980     57253.05078125
1992    25393.048828125
2010  67221.70876312906
2010 44232.714737033166
1985       356384.21875
1980        89573.84375
1992    10200.294921875
2010  40199.56349397994
1992     15237.08984375
1996     28617.26171875
1996      63047.9140625
2010   88767.0947963129
2004     45371.90234375
1980       80004.984375
1996     20164.36328125
1980     51922.04296875
1996    29709.416015625
2010 34126.043233230674
2010 42369.681895994196
2004    29576.458984375
2010 160583.50605328736
1996    18395.162109375
2004    26150.083984375
1992     27162.28515625
1992     61146.14453125
2010  36546.39518330444
2004       37792.453125
2010  177457.3964246371
2004     65349.91015625
1980          97881.375
2004    10369.005859375
1992        106539.5625
1996       69733.765625
2004     12063.54296875
2004     26481.59765625
1985        76736.59375
2004    28510.912109375
2010  64350.52603704444
1996     45162.52734375
2004     46856.09765625
2010  41761.94730753399
1985   10579.2529296875
2004     23911.25390625
2004   15302.7861328125
2010 55784.375910673676
1992  3111.648681640625
1980       49714.078125
2004      42515.2421875
1992    30623.287109375
2004       346956.96875
2010 30193.231739893476
1992    18085.158203125
1992      18229.5234375
1996    27462.111328125
1996      10830.5390625
1980      89809.0546875
1985     49142.05078125
1985        32826.59375
2004     26226.87109375
2010  7049.881897500631
1980     111177.1171875
2010  65843.68081933567
1980      27845.7421875
1985              31641
2004     55323.21484375
2004            9157.75
2004      67686.3984375
1985      70573.4765625
1996     22006.65234375
2010 21391.811795953567
2010  57744.39714846471
2004     24626.19140625
2010  34173.73649454456
1985    23216.673828125
2010 33342.407379526856
2010 139212.32746074442
2004        48540.53125
1980      77908.8203125
1992           98164.25
2010 24958.650706127013
2010  42112.78193824824
2010 15842.138250339798
2010  81392.10504406398
1996     20442.55859375
1992      36866.1953125
2010  76554.86138560489
1996    17633.548828125
2010 19134.271476568498
2010 27522.752710735233
1996     29023.98046875
2010 15511.693638218218
2010  20408.72325577995
2010  110982.2626329042
1992       23812.328125
2004     48022.19140625
2010  38635.29711536743
2010  55262.63437754442
1980      246361.296875
1980          113266.75
2004      56632.2265625
2004       18835.484375
1985     43231.23046875
2004          39126.125
2010  13571.65953073934
1992           155856.5
1996       63824.328125
1996      185048.765625
1996    20515.884765625
1992      87133.5234375
2010 17299.161334105454
2010 24695.730411793087
2004     38545.10546875
2010 31348.458834943227
1996        320630.4375
1980      85908.9921875
1980         332836.875
2010 10238.046959739322
2004      17738.8828125
1992      72525.7109375
1985           43120.75
1985     48806.97265625
2010 52848.101924855735
2010 32959.082773182905
1985     38778.94140625
1996       336366.40625
2004   11281.9462890625
2010  87392.70615566592
2004       18405.578125
1992      84237.8828125
1980     108441.5546875
2004    17441.537109375
2010 19774.827546330656
1992          135720.75
1985       34377.171875
2004     39524.84765625
1996    16746.830078125
2010 37946.031489529756
1992      37893.5546875
2010 29096.877148535605
2010  8084.828087761405
1996       69416.859375
1980     105370.2890625
2010  35352.42306034206
1980       222974.96875
2010  6447.674016744181
2010  21615.53456923099
1996    24455.509765625
2010  42270.84481067573
1985      61976.1640625
1992     19471.99609375
1996  3915.454345703125
2010  48278.40512164543
1980       76437.859375
2004     18545.87109375
1992      51995.5234375
1980     108441.5546875
2010  66057.22854624958
2004      44515.1171875
1985     38687.05078125
1992     127979.5390625
2010 26699.261164129282
1985    26429.087890625
1985      32980.0546875
1996           12052.75
2004   11866.8408203125
2010 21739.841937075587
1996   11031.5263671875
2010  73308.64653448136
1992      160234.453125
2004    15386.669921875
2004      148224.328125
1980         313062.125
2004       26082.265625
2004    31253.607421875
1996     41916.47265625
1985      50680.5546875
1996     19419.88671875
2010 22074.098864428015
2010  71349.00277760178
2004      28724.2578125
1996     40349.03515625
2004       43558.109375
2010  90707.24021226566
1985      45088.5234375
1985     115065.5234375
1996    16004.470703125
1980     13977.66015625
2010  44114.73259420504
2004     28408.13671875
1985     36452.56640625
1985      84287.5078125
2010 27333.371021403353
2004     32951.52734375
1996    14163.470703125
2010  41749.72757290005
1992       22250.109375
2010  64139.99331792338
2010 13808.735691259822
2004    22757.404296875
1985      22206.4453125
1992      139056.359375
2010 63455.620425438145
2010  76337.46625709336
2010  30415.11550360223
1996     9136.541015625
1996     35946.55078125
1996     32622.87109375
2010 121928.11533863274
2010 15466.172102019967
1985    31351.974609375
2004     126281.2109375
2010  6811.089529695173
2010 26755.965572329667
2010 17625.842025984835
1996     24210.33984375
2010  67539.50413509244
1992    27213.642578125
2010 49477.037682014736
1985     34167.85546875
2004     103319.1015625
2010  28221.41422361917
1996   16120.9052734375
2010 28729.077654550343
1985        59586.40625
1985   14862.0693359375
2004         94022.9375
1992            25662.5
1996     64114.66015625
1996       142261.96875
1996      22340.0546875
1980     111551.2578125
1980      50694.4140625
1980          80328.625
2010  73185.67002882462
1996       33687.640625
1996     39893.56640625
1996    28945.076171875
2004     18943.82421875
1980      85863.6640625
2010 33732.195136604925
2010 14297.297620171117
2010 29149.472822199667
1992        624550.4375
2004   14364.8876953125
1980       93594.078125
1992      62774.0234375
2004          156025.25
2010 16105.582420425852
2004    27257.634765625
1985     27536.57421875
1992      90783.7734375
1980       134842.84375
2010 37788.169456305164
2004     57504.34765625
2004            84498.5
2004        44900.28125
1980        372814.3125
1996    18817.720703125
1992      156683.265625
1980       99953.953125
1992      81724.0859375
2004      45547.3515625
1996      70412.1484375
1996        16444.40625
1980      127522.828125
1992       458958.96875
2010  7147.000960722049
1985      126015.140625
1980   12868.9150390625
2010 130692.40906703034
2004     37424.61328125
1980     57228.35546875
2010 35213.263270480995
2010 12283.084883965304
1996     46770.73828125
1992      49245.5234375
2004    17598.212890625
1992      85803.5703125
1985    25295.189453125
1985    19496.001953125
1996    9789.9189453125
2004    18062.642578125
1996      41848.7265625
2010  84546.58719420276
2010 100776.03053870292
1980        34937.90625
1996    16927.884765625
2010  25767.30676896252
1992       240397.09375
1985      26112.3046875
1992     52590.43359375
1996     47608.83203125
2004     21198.54296875
1980      67784.3984375
2010 12903.814736752558
1985     120813.1953125
1980       120545.40625
2010  9669.191090347897
2010  58736.45569978448
1985      143919.421875
2004     27830.51171875
1992     130908.8359375
1996   12112.9833984375
2004    24642.080078125
2010 17330.936273777872
1996    28488.685546875
1996   15218.8310546875
1996     15051.82421875
2010  36427.99200407506
1992       28685.921875
1985     39175.44140625
2010  10658.82807742312
2004     51551.39453125
1996    22661.912109375
2010 17299.161334105454
1996        14953.03125
2010  80999.87817955799
1980       21053.953125
2010 64695.621022104875
1980         149392.875
1980         83807.9375
2004   4908.44287109375
1996         61169.5625
1992      56354.1015625
1992     56940.08984375
2010  68671.32741363139
2010  37929.21907047299
1980     57770.87890625
2010  134115.5027621682
2004      10843.6484375
2004     36005.01953125
1996       89939.296875
2010  6691.889647965152
1980     38992.19921875
1996     45162.52734375
2010  58528.15398964015
2010  9058.318691811148
1985       50400.171875
1980        206084.3125
1985        20351.59375
1985     38010.10546875
2004    32105.466796875
1996   15780.6748046875
2010  40591.68872900977
2004        77083.28125
1992     55197.16015625
2004     40188.23046875
1985    16011.931640625
1980      151560.171875
1996    17944.041015625
2010  35650.28453648078
1996   13003.4208984375
2010 43399.783747891175
2010 24248.074347037615
1985           24305.25
1992       42899.328125
2004       14064.546875
2010 34152.527390769006
1980         192034.875
2010 143094.52505520274
2010 28511.297785879055
2004    27217.220703125
2010 2150.1150896277613
1996           36818.75
2010  49375.90667423429
2010  31830.92783478357
2004       69497.734375
1996     16800.55859375
2010  58784.43449153139
2004     45811.44140625
1992      106643.890625
1985    30087.427734375
2010 26125.502277450323
2004      37237.8828125
1985          62144.875
1980      92596.0078125
2010  39422.46338349322
1985      68006.5546875
2010 31707.481897736936
1996          10663.375
1996     38658.65234375
1992      60344.1640625
2010  33678.80820487645
1992    24138.224609375
1985      20516.2421875
1996       76211.765625
2004         48857.3125
2010 10295.805168817547
1996     40978.08203125
1996    6895.3505859375
1985     28983.47265625
2010  65503.23659268442
2010 25488.917016506843
1992       1004654.1875
2010  5591.630790897997
1980       494161.34375
1996        148680.6875
2010 14326.474958827781
1992      130901.734375
2010  82410.96474009773
2010  58853.01019044746
1996   14350.9306640625
2010  19609.99784461528
2010 19676.475620773395
1992     102768.7890625
1980    13784.146484375
2010  78669.58204411228
1996     28481.96484375
1985    28220.232421875
2010 24836.109755368117
2010  28799.69804173684
1996    32744.982421875
2010   9255.45204844993
2010 15902.756603247197
2010 24071.631057921128
2004    24986.958984375
1992     52102.54296875
1996     9601.314453125
2004    21731.130859375
2010   5310.28410463585
2010 16963.909889736282
1996    15778.658203125
2010 23259.800283830227
1996     55634.58984375
2010 27688.481349364763
2004      83370.1953125
2010  23756.11508992314
2010  519311.2529472604
2010  71630.53578457022
2004    13274.083984375
1992       161428.09375
2010  34734.99979515427
2004     34442.34765625
1992       163939.90625
2004       37040.921875
2010  46512.50102282561
2004      17069.8671875
1996     16645.12890625
1980           82695.25
2010 42778.474365114846
1996     29920.17578125
1980      69430.8046875
2010  94764.85996157998
2004     12120.73046875
2010  85813.80997198472
1996      41740.0546875
1996     56312.02734375
1996              33013
2010  53104.42114273789
2010  9014.824905637304
2010  26458.42350311603
1992     25195.66015625
2004   12145.0341796875
1985    24306.400390625
1996      46896.4453125
1980     64589.73828125
1985     34847.15234375
2010 19235.385546102916
1996    23928.376953125
1980     40560.30859375
1996     37229.68359375
2010 23019.260251997173
2010 22644.610447368603
1985      35908.1953125
1985      232566.828125
2010 39846.156669618984
1992     43174.46484375
1992     16587.06640625
1985       67904.078125
2010  41295.86001135144
1980          85152.625
1992          933462.75
1980        147878.4375
1996      71911.2421875
1992       128011.03125
2010 18909.399322310655
2004     19741.83203125
1996     58050.78515625
2004      48805.9609375
1992   13538.0400390625
2004    21622.685546875
2010  6988.103879677723
2010  25863.72168509909
2004      111626.203125
1980     100962.9296875
1992      72062.2734375
1992         77628.9375
2010 64106.702405231525
2004    20385.556640625
1985      135493.765625
2010 51430.540114834715
2004     40188.23046875
2010 13217.215843746571
2004     58372.91015625
2010  10094.31868294976
2004    28947.998046875
1996       77580.328125
1996   10093.8251953125
2010 13251.820680380253
1992    30292.353515625
2010 25787.826244149823
1985        65871.53125
1996           31521.25
2010  24412.13335855875
2010 43419.790236198794
2004    27945.427734375
2010  66877.61555433366
2010 30257.301865366288
2010 13598.626428289446
2010 7576.1404978829405
2004       21122.296875
1996    27831.408203125
1992      16896.3359375
2010  42684.40418617833
1985     40611.06640625
2004    18100.310546875
2004      77425.2578125
1980      84647.0390625
2010   78709.1013918433
1992     107701.7421875
2010 20104.819665308365
2010  58306.05002873305
2004     39612.99609375
1992    24468.310546875
2004         70541.0625
2004      38459.4765625
1996    21875.599609375
2010  14023.78366282186
1985           175890.5
2004       38330.109375
2010 17686.800353687497
2010 32648.549069266362
1985     49898.64453125
2010  43620.67299458318
1992         176368.875
1992      82794.0390625
1996      8591.14453125
2010 25207.362231793504
1980     35139.07421875
2010  38635.97706495795
1992       52715.671875
1985     35512.37109375
2004     17109.52734375
1985      50448.7578125
2010  17438.59576552711
2004         30734.5625
2004       86531.890625
2010 28346.962922922623
1985     41366.47265625
2010  4683.978241750159
2010 20328.177056421486
2004      48390.1953125
1985    26279.314453125
2010  54534.22204538832
1996     58853.36328125
2010  35025.09629536421
1996     54770.85546875
2010 149916.45687716745
1996      22829.8515625
2004    22720.208984375
1996        88935.90625
1985       28871.453125
1980     130246.5078125
2004       38176.109375
2010  71437.95760623807
1985     13860.41015625
2010  38564.89450562986
2004            40462.5
1980  3446.861572265625
1992      193742.765625
2010 29848.185149821686
2010 41971.826694308285
1996   11958.6611328125
2004     56513.48046875
1992         83314.4375
2010   24933.0473373821
1996     21740.73828125
1992     40142.29296875
1985    16269.482421875
1985       37958.609375
1996       34649.890625
2010 54703.793246116606
2010   8462.37614727271
2010  75701.35768678808
2010  33483.89980784082
2010  70821.48772232667
2010  9803.286949584172
1996    31376.666015625
1996    29363.876953125
1996      178486.078125
2010  79208.66834117344
1992    13799.044921875
2010 18202.926858258717
2010  87421.80122284188
2010 13002.841772401476
2004    9933.3544921875
2004     103585.8515625
1980    14195.904296875
2010  84473.23974940588
2010 23064.458751646187
2010  78703.19720322809
2010  47111.85843875061
1992       40147.296875
1992    30437.896484375
2010  59807.01576219227
2010 13662.587665037796
1996     34378.94921875
2010  6078.010710758565
1980      37537.2578125
2010  39067.73053644327
1985     25596.98828125
2004   16062.2158203125
2010  26291.41965653559
1996     18412.69140625
2010 151815.31168880462
2010 23443.437488009436
1992      78372.4921875
1992          192051.25
2010 24733.461564693516
2010  58943.96857161382
2004      37914.5703125
1985       37861.328125
2010  52841.20563897321
1985       67674.984375
2004     31922.08203125
1985        33109.03125
2010  41421.85636429989
2010  37191.31406129333
2004      32963.0078125
2010  129186.4634892391
2010  5447.837180873759
1996    23864.291015625
2010 36715.100113735905
2004       66482.640625
1992      50856.9296875
1992       286018.59375
2010 19840.741520871004
1996    8321.1962890625
1992      44789.5546875
1996       32220.640625
1996      53336.9453125
2004       39135.734375
2010   32128.6780024484
1996    31707.857421875
1992     22975.27734375
end
------------------ copy up to and including the previous line ------------------


.

[Nick Cox]

There are no data there on age, which is the key predictor.

[Zuhumnan Dapel]

I'm so sorry I missed that. Now complete, age in the third column.

. dataex year pce age

----------------------- copy starting from the next line -----------------------


	
	
* Example generated by -dataex-. To install: ssc install dataex
clear
input int year double pce byte age
1980     37945.00390625 53
1992    12529.517578125 53
1996    31127.197265625 39
2004     53643.12890625 40
1992        47546.65625 42
2010   24933.0473373821 67
1992      239731.890625 40
2004     27313.87890625 57
2010 110104.32914381722 52
2010  20923.68465099944 35
2004     43237.76171875 43
2010  71349.00277760178 49
2004      83370.1953125 78
2004   10106.1767578125 80
2010 17384.850710882623 60
1996       81377.234375 40
2010 33732.195136604925 20
2010  93733.34013651557 40
2010  9662.743667985093 52
2004     56513.48046875 45
1985    29798.052734375 29
1996    25547.876953125 37
2010  92485.80444011615 25
1980      133086.421875 40
2010  37670.53575739531 28
2010  41295.86001135144 50
1985        65871.53125 61
1985      158666.921875 30
1980       39432.796875 20
2004     45371.90234375 69
2010 23064.458751646187 50
1980      85863.6640625 46
2004        77083.28125 29
2010 12691.781772983373 44
2010  30123.13885808326 35
2004    24278.138671875 60
2004      65888.5078125 40
1980      70719.4765625 20
1996     35946.55078125 35
2010 19441.922049036257 40
2010 161616.62291297718 32
2010 13225.303856224586 60
1992   15769.8154296875 75
2004      61970.8671875 39
2010  61629.37261527151 45
1996      61929.1171875 59
2004      169534.046875 24
1992      33643.8203125 70
1996     49631.73828125 30
2010  50201.71876054598 41
1985     43037.78515625 46
2010  25152.91786956304 55
2010  80775.48513568778 50
2010  69487.88637811333 37
2010  41397.69758596616 35
2010 15842.138250339798 45
2010  41720.65670321841 57
1996   12816.2783203125 60
2010  58154.97055316766 80
2004     46022.51953125 75
1992       22250.109375 48
2010 27688.481349364763 40
2004     26481.59765625 28
2010 10025.378206806756 43
1996      32708.9609375 47
1980         149392.875 75
1992       91135.015625 48
2004      49801.9453125 20
2004      39905.5546875 40
2004       21122.296875 45
1985       37542.390625 55
1992     33490.83203125 65
2004       29059.390625 27
1996      23651.5234375 40
1996      8878.54296875 65
1985     39000.66015625 31
1985       63823.609375 40
1980        268370.1875 32
2004      65888.5078125 40
2004       18835.484375 45
1996     9709.943359375 35
2010  23756.11508992314 37
1980           102755.5 45
1992     57835.14453125 50
1992      37267.7265625 52
1996        320630.4375 50
2004     37197.76953125 45
2010  36546.39518330444 54
1992      179913.328125 50
2010 260868.05644526344 71
1985     115140.3359375 85
2010 16236.582815200647 40
2010 16236.582815200647 40
1992     23851.25390625 70
2004       44813.203125 38
2010 12573.338667888356 70
2010  33232.70803900605 35
1980        37570.03125 50
2010 39846.156669618984 35
2004     17386.19921875 65
2010  26997.87276259207 48
1992     130908.8359375 31
2010  39132.52900649525 62
2010  46786.73122600687 45
2010 20537.475703331984 30
1996     21740.73828125 28
2010  79588.49640958749 56
2004     40852.37890625 75
1996   6967.93310546875 45
1980      87652.8203125 35
2010 28776.393434952766 54
2010 105163.59764163045 40
1996       62256.546875 42
1985     41366.47265625 41
2010   97016.9401163707 50
1996       31091.578125 30
2010  19350.91043338238 60
1980         45122.0625 43
2010 65229.979128775005 65
1985    19856.650390625 40
2004     32951.52734375 51
2004            84498.5 50
2004      39476.3828125 61
1996    27097.517578125 36
2004      46723.4296875 30
2010  41421.85636429989 68
2010  25264.35942967522 45
2010  36454.67458106685 45
1985  3384.690673828125 52
2010 12987.996609633303 55
1980        32922.34375 28
2004   4239.34521484375 70
2010  43743.40268579781 38
2004    27746.767578125 29
2004     21927.12890625 35
2010  29507.12872656403 60
2010 24332.366318517536 45
2004        57394.96875 38
1996    21152.193359375 36
2004    24642.080078125 47
1980       226956.96875 39
2010 60846.869204302086 70
2004     31922.08203125 47
2010 143774.44560873226 26
1985          62144.875 64
1985     47467.09765625 54
2004     43363.12109375 37
2010 14620.109132707985 65
2010  33232.70803900605 35
1996     47756.68359375 36
2010  38635.97706495795 36
2004    27945.427734375 60
2010  59201.27988676329 29
1985     48806.97265625 34
2010 23289.149424696596 40
1985        30165.78125 45
1996        26250.71875 31
1980      27794.8671875 35
2010  34173.73649454456 30
2010 12906.774090308463 25
2004      40124.1015625 27
1985         17052.9375 42
1996     46271.83203125 30
1992      145322.234375 34
1996    29709.416015625 50
1992       141734.46875 49
1980         554810.625 48
2010  35330.18072355884 40
2010 10608.826375150662 45
2004    23516.400390625 50
2010  31271.93425914152 60
1985    19214.162109375 50
1985    21429.166015625 30
2004      7215.64453125 55
2010 11465.023255085809 70
1985     48736.00390625 56
1985      68073.8359375 50
1996    26913.642578125 50
1992      90783.7734375 35
2004       53542.953125 70
2010  21463.23553995164 25
2010  9662.743667985093 52
2004    27502.861328125 66
2010   18918.9803201885 35
2010  19617.70958605655 30
2004     40852.37890625 75
1985          62144.875 64
1985         51813.8125 43
2004        170217.0625 68
1980         483486.625 48
1980     39244.32421875 40
1996      17268.6171875 47
2010  42316.14735955034 49
2010  29908.79503360607 36
2010 13598.626428289446 45
2010  39067.73053644327 70
2004     103319.1015625 54
1992     34414.71484375 50
1996       83757.671875 30
2010 16793.121555043464 45
1992    25734.275390625 49
1992      38793.1796875 60
2004    28123.119140625 40
2010  122030.5965665965 29
1996     105874.6953125 38
2010  47111.85843875061 56
1992      124683.234375 52
2004     37411.56640625 35
2010 3367.4222174764573 50
1996          34703.875 32
2010 16554.490705512624 45
1996     20164.36328125 54
2004         48857.3125 25
2010  129186.4634892391 78
2004     23911.25390625 44
1996     21163.51953125 49
1996    16004.470703125 40
1992              73668 27
1980      142649.328125 49
2010  11756.95029574141 45
1996     13642.84765625 37
1980      35466.8671875 22
1996      10830.5390625 35
2010  26145.95641940295 65
1980       244206.40625 40
1996       45063.734375 35
1985        20446.03125 38
1980      142649.328125 49
2004     27510.58203125 60
2010 245103.42760874436 78
2010  7843.181020562996 26
1980        147878.4375 35
2010 116433.08699445233 60
1992    12529.517578125 53
1996    26620.802734375 48
2010  129186.4634892391 78
1996     16649.33984375 57
1996       81377.234375 40
1985  3384.690673828125 52
1996    28647.626953125 50
1980     58661.03515625 42
2010 40144.862638309634 68
1985       63556.921875 52
1985      126015.140625 22
1992     58635.73828125 55
2010 27921.675021920855 74
2004     35151.76953125 30
1996     55498.16015625 35
2004      87262.6171875 25
1992       42899.328125 35
2010 18202.926858258717 32
2004       57214.109375 24
2010 13840.543297549575 40
2010 10743.012370053297 75
2010 13407.537605732963 26
1996        26250.71875 31
1996    20729.599609375 51
1992       74376.640625 60
2004      38211.3984375 32
1985       37542.390625 55
1996    20054.900390625 45
2004        58039.90625 26
2010  6811.089529695173 35
2004       18405.578125 45
2004      60955.4296875 65
1980      63990.0703125 40
1985     121939.1796875 30
2004    29565.626953125 34
2004      83370.1953125 78
1985        72927.40625 30
2004     36042.58984375 32
2010  37486.35168984436 22
2004     41911.91015625 52
1980       347579.40625 35
1980     21913.76171875 38
1992       114851.34375 51
1996     24210.33984375 33
2010 28776.393434952766 54
1980      88171.2421875 45
2010 191666.14573407656 72
2010  87421.80122284188 32
1985     64926.84765625 52
2010  57939.78223613854 65
2010 24136.023010068457 50
2010  82095.09064918374 45
2010  37089.23693148479 39
2010  58154.97055316766 80
2010  36454.67458106685 45
1980       18204.234375 45
2010 245103.42760874436 78
2010 105163.59764163045 40
1985    27155.201171875 64
1996       31630.234375 38
1992        85947.46875 35
2010 13407.537605732963 26
2004      16024.6171875 55
2010  65503.23659268442 47
1985        262009.3125 50
1980      142146.671875 30
1996     1034.974609375 46
1992      91789.9765625 30
2010 26942.988005964897 56
2004     21198.54296875 53
2004     18545.87109375 62
1980       77581.828125 57
1985      22206.4453125 55
1996      46896.4453125 45
2004       135709.34375 34
2010  21925.45607654112 78
2010 25660.852312430652 45
1980     40560.30859375 50
2004     27182.40234375 41
2010  15827.23622345996 34
1985    28774.505859375 40
1985        44871.34375 38
1992        800858.4375 30
1985      135493.765625 23
1985         25672.1875 36
1980     35139.07421875 32
2010 11307.336653695073 45
2010 29951.450376601566 50
2010 12987.996609633303 55
2004       81328.046875 60
2010  27119.50630731379 32
1996    28488.685546875 47
1980      127522.828125 36
1996    27090.259765625 35
2010  52766.98224488177 75
2004        74656.03125 65
2004       7149.2421875 38
2004     58623.77734375 60
2010  12971.71532557696 25
2010 40144.862638309634 68
1980         192034.875 27
1996    31250.857421875 47
1980       16556.796875 40
1996     22728.04296875 25
1980     29208.65234375 35
1992      73704.4296875 30
1996     36865.32421875 70
1992      32091.8359375 20
2004      81450.6484375 23
2010 24071.631057921128 56
1996    29363.876953125 60
1996      66392.6796875 56
1996    12339.048828125 36
1996     56904.78515625 58
2004     38545.10546875 25
1996      157150.203125 31
1992       69672.765625 90
1996       33063.203125 56
2004    23093.681640625 30
1992     37998.12890625 46
1996     24210.33984375 33
2010  24153.32179876115 60
1996       20176.359375 45
2004    26150.083984375 54
2010  25301.25576902145 40
2010 11626.899652618857 24
2010  84835.67949839823 40
2010  41633.44893367237 43
2010 19441.922049036257 40
2004    24642.080078125 47
1992     18064.30078125 42
2010 35078.744560031395 49
2010  39945.47286532508 50
2010 15511.693638218218 27
1996   16120.9052734375 68
1996       34649.890625 50
2004     9133.638671875 82
2010  46760.54469764874 40
1996       19429.296875 45
1992          933462.75 40
2004      27911.0703125 60
2004      24259.3984375 41
2004    17091.966796875 53
1980       120545.40625 40
2010  66709.03645087269 66
2010   24933.0473373821 67
1996     9136.541015625 50
2004       73962.953125 74
2004   7885.80908203125 30
2004        38458.78125 46
2010  4690.781972216893 54
1992      56354.1015625 53
1980       409789.15625 35
2004      37156.5546875 35
1996     46770.73828125 35
2010 151815.31168880462 30
2010  83198.40927940825 30
2004     24382.75390625 56
1980        147878.4375 35
2010  70775.75445805307 18
2010 23147.736848113906 32
2010  27960.12967990159 40
1980      230008.765625 28
1980      230008.765625 28
2010 11458.149956822892 35
1996     105874.6953125 38
2010 7576.1404978829405 65
2010  43743.40268579781 38
2010 10743.012370053297 75
2004    12171.517578125 34
2010 15016.622583333592 30
1980    9488.2021484375 55
2010  70734.23639729084 48
2004     103585.8515625 38
2010  11756.95029574141 45
2010   35172.1807646166 31
1996   15780.6748046875 33
2004     27182.40234375 41
2004   11399.6904296875 30
2010  27492.68248453799 62
2010 37955.182981883336 42
1996    29709.416015625 50
2004    15386.669921875 54
2004     43676.62109375 46
1985     36452.56640625 35
1996       77580.328125 35
2010 49234.694936854496 65
1980      42284.1015625 40
2010  39443.84186972905 40
2010  64362.85708015228 51
1996     38148.22265625 60
1996    6854.3544921875 58
1992      73567.7421875 32
2010   21420.4204934936 40
1992      33643.8203125 70
2010   5310.28410463585 45
2010 16123.228443162103 49
2010  35330.18072355884 40
2004    28230.541015625 33
2010  51824.77053187079 48
1985      116747.421875 56
1996     38554.98828125 46
1985     18787.08203125 45
2010  66057.22854624958 60
2004    9921.3447265625 43
2010  9803.286949584172 60
1996     56904.78515625 58
2010  49375.90667423429 20
2010 27569.746664463135 60
1980     103648.2890625 30
2010 14414.636109650213 55
1980        102070.9375 45
1985      68073.8359375 50
2010  4690.781972216893 54
1980    26620.904296875 41
1985     25596.98828125 40
1996     9601.314453125 60
2010   9255.45204844993 65
1985      25543.0078125 56
2004   15302.7861328125 47
1980   14170.4951171875 45
2004      28410.0703125 40
1985     43037.78515625 46
1980    15698.865234375 47
1996      70412.1484375 60
2010  13571.65953073934 40
1996      71272.1171875 30
1992     22223.87109375 36
2010 24794.156139708037 35
2004         48857.3125 25
2010 16963.909889736282 40
1985     100618.4140625 37
2010  27960.12967990159 40
2010 116094.58340684592 67
1996       35320.859375 40
1996     35184.43359375 35
1980       80004.984375 45
2010  73308.64653448136 25
1985   14862.0693359375 63
1992     28150.96484375 37
1992      72525.7109375 80
1992     60540.53515625 70
2010  166434.1020580719 29
2004    23121.451171875 26
1980       69304.046875 55
1996      54547.8671875 69
2010  11756.95029574141 45
1996      10830.5390625 35
1980    14195.904296875 50
1996     28481.96484375 22
1996     121724.3046875 61
1996    32744.982421875 35
1992       1004654.1875 40
2010  7615.114797054298 60
2010 13611.482557024134 38
1996     24368.51953125 31
2010   31567.7655655064 70
2010 13217.215843746571 71
2010 214500.06285854464 28
2010  39422.46338349322 55
1996    31240.103515625 40
2004      19179.8828125 80
2004       51129.109375 39
2010  22070.88301743227 29
1992         33854.5625 29
2010 36526.178176796195 25
1985      32980.0546875 47
2010  7627.807592702294 40
1996      49032.1328125 42
1992       143844.65625 35
1980     112372.4921875 35
2004    32596.783203125 37
1985    30191.619140625 50
1980    9488.2021484375 55
2010 258262.39282440318 46
1996      10830.5390625 35
1980      55869.2578125 61
2010  25767.30676896252 52
1985      44655.1953125 40
2010 49234.694936854496 65
1992         122414.625 27
1980      38002.4765625 28
1992      94721.6640625 42
1980     13977.66015625 60
1992    24138.224609375 67
1992         57120.1875 28
2004       135709.34375 34
1992           98164.25 33
2010 28758.252573457576 90
1980     38348.67578125 56
1992       139592.53125 21
1992      73567.7421875 32
1980         29454.1875 80
1980     100019.8359375 29
2004       97951.828125 59
2004      10843.6484375 50
1985     62161.01953125 40
2004      39905.5546875 40
1985     20040.87109375 54
1985   12071.7158203125 46
1985     61300.84765625 65
1985    23216.673828125 45
2010  7695.259922944332 50
1996      21411.4296875 55
2010 16105.582420425852 50
1980         870100.625 40
2010 16515.121382246416 50
1996       231599.09375 40
1996      88792.7578125 60
2010 26642.910039346036 68
1992   11233.9736328125 60
1980     29416.68359375 43
2010  8297.924531406159 32
1992         298051.125 48
2010 29339.403794652713 47
1992        624550.4375 85
2010  37437.61793627452 20
1985       34377.171875 45
1992      96069.8359375 26
2010 19441.922049036257 40
1996     38148.22265625 60
2010 28776.393434952766 54
2010 29149.472822199667 29
2010  122030.5965665965 29
2010 42721.290846526834 40
1996     34401.14453125 45
2004     49484.58203125 33
1985     64926.84765625 52
2010 19840.741520871004 40
1985           46866.25 45
2010  68224.31258247551 41
1980          113266.75 51
2010 24761.654065331168 30
2010  62288.08648477488 44
2010 29901.777760251924 75
2004       94179.671875 45
1985      46830.7890625 56
2010 23891.013701033637 42
2010   5310.28410463585 45
2004       74724.890625 35
2010 29891.377677191187 58
1985      67622.2265625 46
1985     48946.12890625 38
2004       94179.671875 45
2010 38086.072068184236 27
1985     25596.98828125 40
2004     18943.82421875 43
2004      32963.0078125 40
1992     25195.66015625 27
2010 15016.622583333592 30
2004        74656.03125 65
2004   11583.0693359375 65
2010  47111.85843875061 56
1992     33490.83203125 65
2010  433226.1697059009 65
2004         39602.1875 45
1992       23812.328125 33
2004   11866.8408203125 45
1992  3111.648681640625 40
1996    27090.259765625 35
2004     39612.99609375 70
1980      77302.8359375 57
2010 23147.736848113906 32
1980    23292.560546875 58
2010 43746.698384524825 40
1985    16011.931640625 45
2004       37792.453125 50
2010  33981.92295703306 45
2010  48278.40512164543 81
2004     24626.19140625 23
2010   74695.6807856624 76
2010  6988.103879677723 30
2010  15827.23622345996 34
1996       389913.90625 55
2004      148224.328125 45
1985        59586.40625 75
2004       85201.953125 29
1996         61169.5625 75
1992    13799.044921875 34
2010  27492.68248453799 62
2004     9133.638671875 82
1985     120813.1953125 54
2010 24794.156139708037 35
2004    17180.517578125 48
2004         13489.5625 56
2004       18835.484375 45
2004    24178.615234375 38
1996      25543.7109375 46
2004       44267.921875 30
2010 106703.98109334453 35
2010 34126.043233230674 55
2010  64858.06364100512 44
2010 26032.475010519203 60
1985      33090.0859375 25
1985         51813.8125 43
2010  26174.36185799066 34
1996      17268.6171875 47
1996     36793.34765625 30
1980     108441.5546875 60
1985        19236.03125 60
2004   16062.2158203125 51
1992      164164.546875 40
2010 161033.31811478717 53
2010  87421.80122284188 32
2004    8664.9951171875 38
2004           17118.25 49
1980     60383.39453125 25
1980      151560.171875 50
1996    16978.287109375 55
2010 28994.780660731605 45
1980        372814.3125 38
2010 28511.297785879055 20
1996     47003.13671875 28
1992         988848.875 35
2004    27945.427734375 60
2010  66057.22854624958 60
2010  87421.80122284188 32
2010 18202.926858258717 32
2010 12677.539127823884 34
1980     52208.87890625 23
1996     18898.87109375 34
1992    30292.353515625 30
1992         33854.5625 29
2010 39987.869295131306 40
2010  9803.286949584172 60
1985         51813.8125 43
2004        8420.109375 55
1980  3446.861572265625 40
2010  128255.2955126379 72
1985           24305.25 32
2004     106697.8046875 27
2010 173223.68666962342 55
1980     37945.00390625 53
1992      145322.234375 34
2010 14414.636109650213 55
2004        96011.96875 25
1985    19866.501953125 38
2004     103585.8515625 38
1980       494161.34375 32
1992       163939.90625 34
1985      33090.0859375 25
1980     51450.64453125 30
2010  9600.580910002424 25
2010  83315.11863403491 68
1980       226956.96875 39
2010  70734.23639729084 48
2004     53643.12890625 40
2010  88290.42351611273 90
2010  76337.46625709336 65
1980      55253.7734375 40
1996     58557.32421875 18
1985       17590.765625 65
1992     56937.54296875 44
1985      37436.5390625 70
1992      73567.7421875 32
1996       30865.765625 26
2004      32963.0078125 40
1980       170967.34375 39
1985      93724.2109375 37
2010  40199.56349397994 68
1996    15778.658203125 28
1996    8321.1962890625 60
1980     40560.30859375 50
2004       26481.796875 55
2010 26629.666750702156 46
2004    25467.537109375 25
1980     59485.83984375 35
1980         192034.875 27
1996    31423.111328125 57
2010  28111.38579717555 35
1980      90132.6953125 55
2010 130692.40906703034 76
2010 16858.777826269255 42
2010  7049.881897500631 30
2010 202535.31174079143 49
1996    20054.900390625 45
2010  82410.96474009773 20
2004            9157.75 61
1996     47608.83203125 36
1996     56904.78515625 58
1992     127979.5390625 78
2010 22341.483596464837 30
2004     65349.91015625 45
2010 28729.077654550343 26
2010 39987.869295131306 40
1985    26429.087890625 57
1980       57617.015625 62
2004      37914.5703125 26
1992      18501.3046875 30
1980       22039.015625 36
1985    29798.052734375 29
2010   57222.1668259501 54
2004     21198.54296875 53
2010 26999.145550793546 70
2004    18969.767578125 72
1992        33755.09375 70
1992      62774.0234375 28
2004       53552.078125 34
2004      84084.6015625 60
1985       47348.984375 29
2010  50201.71876054598 41
2010 15466.172102019967 35
1996     45162.52734375 37
1996   7310.44287109375 65
1980      16764.9609375 50
1996    15792.771484375 42
1980          97881.375 30
2010  58154.97055316766 80
2010 23019.260251997173 38
2010   90661.9715398831 29
1985        296059.3125 28
1996     55634.58984375 46
2010 29361.946180365558 25
2010 28776.393434952766 54
2010  50201.71876054598 41
2010 40144.862638309634 68
2004     35802.31640625 66
1992     16344.57421875 50
2010  49366.66323140227 29
2010 28758.252573457576 90
1996        41124.78125 53
1985   14583.3740234375 27
1985       28871.453125 74
1985     62161.01953125 40
1985   15262.6455078125 45
1980     57228.35546875 37
2010  6521.273115482039 44
1992       22093.171875 56
1992        624550.4375 85
2010  389474.3124155861 19
1992         57120.1875 28
1980      42284.1015625 40
1992     63359.59765625 43
2004              51857 55
2010  83198.40927940825 30
2010  34979.59774678557 30
2010  20775.64680047066 50
1985     48806.97265625 34
2004   15222.8623046875 80
1980       134842.84375 50
2004      27911.0703125 60
1985    16011.931640625 45
1996       81377.234375 40
2010 32648.549069266362 70
2010 20911.242299417703 40
2004      56874.5546875 42
1985   7356.67236328125 67
2010  7991.486858341423 64
2010 13002.841772401476 45
2010 14941.496622703848 60
1985     44189.11328125 42
1992      87133.5234375 49
2004       55070.078125 41
2004      83414.6171875 32
2010  57059.88875001126 68
2004    27945.427734375 60
2010  26997.87276259207 48
1980      151560.171875 50
2004     57959.71484375 40
2004     45811.44140625 27
1980     29208.65234375 35
1996     37229.68359375 25
2010 12987.996609633303 55
1980        32922.34375 28
1985        72927.40625 30
1980    28694.326171875 42
1992      37893.5546875 35
2004    21158.892578125 30
2004   11218.0341796875 56
2010 152846.42499596436 70
2010 11307.336653695073 45
2010  35225.18537593475 50
1985    19856.650390625 40
2010 47367.021016404055 34
1980       16556.796875 40
2010  56223.08616177732 30
1992         1521119.25 25
2004       97951.828125 59
1992      16896.3359375 35
2010 108231.63666304384 32
2004    19027.662109375 45
1992       114643.84375 32
1980     38348.67578125 56
1996       78563.984375 30
2010 188767.15040801518 50
2010 13251.820680380253 52
1996    29888.923828125 30
1980       100099.34375 40
2004       38176.109375 48
2004     17386.19921875 65
2010  12702.31252251346 26
2004      48390.1953125 52
2010  79588.49640958749 56
2010 15842.138250339798 45
2010 116433.08699445233 60
1996     54439.83203125 85
2004     14911.23046875 19
2004      25684.8046875 66
1992      190550.296875 54
2010  94630.07991819168 65
2010  49375.90667423429 20
1980     65320.95703125 45
1996     42452.77734375 35
1992     63359.59765625 43
1985     62161.01953125 40
1992      37267.7265625 52
2010 10676.553951890643 47
2004      111626.203125 52
2004          45785.625 40
1980    19214.533203125 25
2010 24733.461564693516 77
1996    16746.830078125 55
1992    24138.224609375 67
1992      97647.7109375 40
1992         152158.625 24
1980      77908.8203125 40
2010  31830.92783478357 55
1992     54015.10546875 55
2010  42270.84481067573 39
2010  19350.91043338238 60
2010 19774.827546330656 59
1980        17962.53125 33
1996    23864.291015625 70
1996        154119.8125 29
2010 161616.62291297718 32
2010  58154.97055316766 80
1992      164164.546875 40
2004     40382.23046875 42
1980     59485.83984375 35
2004   14364.8876953125 45
2010  32790.45285498384 40
1980        222792.8125 35
1992       84672.859375 30
1992      84237.8828125 71
2004    30053.474609375 35
2010 17861.618781060086 45
1980      25948.4765625 19
2010 188767.15040801518 50
2004    23055.236328125 42
1996    18472.728515625 37
2004     62404.69921875 49
2004      94148.3828125 30
1985          148275.75 30
1980       347579.40625 35
1980      35873.8203125 60
2010 24695.730411793087 30
2010  49893.70401578863 42
1985      172891.796875 29
1996         77265.5625 56
2010  67539.50413509244 25
1985      55447.2890625 50
2010    56059.177174721 30
2010  28111.38579717555 35
2010 31574.030296787052 35
2010  69070.17955208347 50
1985    19214.162109375 50
1996        100260.8125 40
2004       39135.734375 31
1996     39466.80859375 59
2010 27569.746664463135 60
1992      91789.9765625 30
1996     9709.943359375 35
1996    21152.193359375 36
2010 214500.06285854464 28
1996     20778.52734375 68
1985    24306.400390625 55
1996     46770.73828125 35
2010 26999.145550793546 70
1996    31376.666015625 43
1996   12816.2783203125 60
2010 10274.635990907625 57
1996     53202.82421875 38
1985     35371.04296875 36
2004        21951.65625 55
1992     130908.8359375 31
2010  12607.39422140087 35
2010 39846.156669618984 35
1985        262009.3125 50
2004     19083.75390625 29
1980       162100.40625 25
1996    25547.876953125 37
2004              51857 55
2004      37237.8828125 31
1992       142643.78125 65
1996       35988.890625 31
2004       91344.703125 60
1980    13784.146484375 33
2010 32648.549069266362 70
2010  78669.58204411228 78
2004     23106.82421875 75
2010 16688.478280961797 35
1980        29723.59375 50
1992     43174.46484375 29
1980      77908.8203125 40
2004       123222.53125 60
2010 108842.59435774808 75
2004     28408.13671875 35
2010  61629.37261527151 45
1992     58744.31640625 32
1992      179913.328125 50
2004        8420.109375 55
1996        100260.8125 40
2010  85037.66082302496 48
2010  38564.89450562986 80
2004    10369.005859375 40
1996    16927.884765625 45
1996    27831.408203125 80
1992       240397.09375 40
1996     20442.55859375 45
2004    14488.525390625 66
1996        21405.15625 43
2010  12587.82086824166 58
1992   7044.23974609375 44
2010  21764.45562830262 30
2004    18725.849609375 30
1980      85863.6640625 46
1992     34414.71484375 50
2010  88016.37237438947 59
1980       80004.984375 45
2010 10676.553951890643 47
2004    13274.083984375 50
1985     39000.66015625 31
1980    22812.552734375 71
2010 29380.917015916086 45
1985        76736.59375 40
1992         33854.5625 29
1985     29755.23828125 38
2010  73308.64653448136 25
2010   27610.7154421042 40
1996       45063.734375 35
1992     34414.71484375 50
2010   97355.0855810611 30
2010  79250.34610539822 25
1985       37861.328125 62
1980      72915.1328125 57
2004       20592.640625 29
1992       69672.765625 90
2010  57197.13209832182 52
1980     51922.04296875 35
2010 16326.838259156877 31
2010 21391.811795953567 42
2004     35565.87109375 90
1980       162100.40625 25
2010 10295.805168817547 38
1992     45983.91015625 67
1996       228211.90625 38
1996        52066.28125 30
2010 20328.177056421486 66
2004        57522.34375 70
2004        57522.34375 70
1996    21889.712890625 34
2004       97951.828125 59
1992    32753.576171875 50
1996     53202.82421875 38
2004    8664.9951171875 38
1992     50423.63671875 52
1996     9601.314453125 60
1980        32922.34375 28
2010 143774.44560873226 26
1980     57770.87890625 70
2010  49780.02902695029 40
2010  39878.41918880204 67
1985   14583.3740234375 27
2004    23093.681640625 30
2004     29952.23046875 65
1996          34703.875 32
2010 25197.939727503486 55
2010  38645.85690189071 25
1980     60383.39453125 25
2010  21463.23553995164 25
1980       22039.015625 36
2010  40199.56349397994 68
2010 12677.539127823884 34
2010 26999.145550793546 70
2010 26699.261164129282 33
2010  19362.23486072632 42
1985     29666.10546875 54
1985       33169.140625 50
2004      12963.3828125 52
1992     107701.7421875 30
2010 33004.445815793326 40
2004      12963.3828125 52
2010  30457.80714283921 45
2010  52028.90543349241 90
2010 53494.281492298935 23
2004     15243.41796875 50
2010  57197.13209832182 52
1992     130908.8359375 31
2010   88767.0947963129 90
1985     47777.61328125 45
1985     48736.00390625 56
1996         21136.0625 35
2010 51462.558239325095 38
1992     54398.85546875 20
2004    17845.431640625 45
2010 26755.965572329667 64
2010 21391.811795953567 42
1996      20277.8046875 75
1992        33755.09375 70
1992     37125.48046875 85
2004     46022.51953125 75
1985      143919.421875 55
1996    18395.162109375 46
2004     34356.51953125 61
1980           87528.25 40
1996       77520.453125 23
2004    18266.146484375 61
2010  89611.15179334536 60
1992      36866.1953125 53
1996        52066.28125 30
1996       33687.640625 45
1996   10246.2490234375 35
2004   14698.0166015625 43
2004        25989.90625 54
2010  29940.78412110326 40
2004      52514.6796875 40
1996      71272.1171875 30
1996     13167.69921875 50
2010 24332.366318517536 45
1992       55551.765625 28
1985      43507.6015625 54
2010 40144.862638309634 68
1980      165149.484375 24
1992      78372.4921875 28
1980     56301.87890625 52
2004      50499.0234375 55
1996      54466.0078125 65
2004        56550.40625 65
1996   14463.2998046875 52
1996    30222.763671875 39
1996    21682.623046875 48
2004    24278.138671875 60
2010 15564.403040105604 30
2004     35151.76953125 30
2010 15902.756603247197 60
2004     19083.75390625 29
2010  29507.12872656403 60
1996   7310.44287109375 65
1996    12430.986328125 54
2010  7615.114797054298 60
1992     37998.12890625 46
1985     25596.98828125 40
2004      87262.6171875 25
2004     40852.37890625 75
2010 14620.109132707985 65
2010  96480.46230919773 25
2010 20537.475703331984 30
2004      72820.0859375 44
2010  38645.85690189071 25
2004    16408.427734375 62
2010  7695.259922944332 50
2010  33678.80820487645 25
2010 28121.846373972097 39
1980      169560.171875 48
2004      83908.6640625 67
1985     32748.61328125 55
2010 29149.472822199667 29
1992      22701.3828125 54
2010 16688.478280961797 35
2004     18943.82421875 43
2010  110982.2626329042 28
2010   29611.7272352812 25
2010  34396.11388713754 60
end
------------------ copy up to and including the previous line ------------------

[Nick Cox]

Thanks for the data example.

To me, there are various key points:

0. A smooth can't be interpreted responsibly unless you can see the data too.

1. Smoothing on the raw scale makes little sense given the extreme skewness of income, so I choose a log scale.

2. I see little structure here.

3. I see no grounds for distrusting values for older people.

Of course, I have one graph only and just use the default of localp (SSC)

gen log_pce = log(pce)
localp log_pce age

[Carlo Lazzaro]

Zuhumnan (sorry for my previous miswriting your name):
thanks for providing more details.
As per your data (the following regression calls for robust standard errors, that I omitted):

. reg pce c.age##c.age i.year

      Source |       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   =     1,096
-------------+----------------------------------   F(7, 1088)      =     16.42
       Model |  9.8719e+11         7  1.4103e+11   Prob > F        =    0.0000
    Residual |  9.3459e+12     1,088  8.5899e+09   R-squared       =    0.0955
-------------+----------------------------------   Adj R-squared   =    0.0897
       Total |  1.0333e+13     1,095  9.4366e+09   Root MSE        =     92682

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         pce |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
         age |  -3526.171   1074.095    -3.28   0.001    -5633.703   -1418.639
             |
 c.age#c.age |   32.98129    10.5869     3.12   0.002     12.20825    53.75434
             |
        year |
       1985  |   -49272.2   12269.99    -4.02   0.000    -73347.72   -25196.68
       1992  |   15415.91   12048.31     1.28   0.201    -8224.638    39056.45
       1996  |   -61110.5   11163.45    -5.47   0.000    -83014.82   -39206.17
       2004  |  -63083.38   10623.66    -5.94   0.000    -83928.56   -42238.21
       2010  |  -58465.37   9763.811    -5.99   0.000     -77623.4   -39307.33
             |
       _cons |   190696.2   26772.66     7.12   0.000     138164.3    243228.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. di 3526.171/(2*32.98129)
53.457142

-pce- peaks at 53.46 years (which seems more credible than 21), than decreases (and it sounds fine as well).
There's also a sort of downward trend stretching over the span of time between. 1985-2010, that may be a proxy of an increasing sluggish economy (caveat emptor: this is my guess; I do not work with macroeconomic data).

Things remain the same even logging -pce- and robustifying the standard errors:

. reg ln_pce c.age##c.age i.year, vce(robust)

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,096
                                                F(7, 1088)        =      18.52
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.1259
                                                Root MSE          =       .832

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      ln_pce |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
         age |  -.0544673   .0096223    -5.66   0.000    -.0733477    -.035587
             |
 c.age#c.age |   .0005155   .0000954     5.40   0.000     .0003283    .0007026
             |
        year |
       1985  |  -.4572477   .1149783    -3.98   0.000    -.6828519   -.2316435
       1992  |  -.0601417   .1291346    -0.47   0.642    -.3135226    .1932393
       1996  |  -.7305191   .1084132    -6.74   0.000    -.9432417   -.5177965
       2004  |  -.6808814   .1016535    -6.70   0.000    -.8803404   -.4814223
       2010  |   -.700717   .0989924    -7.08   0.000    -.8949547   -.5064793
             |
       _cons |   12.39186   .2420184    51.20   0.000     11.91698    12.86673
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. di .0544673 /(2*.0005155)
52.829583

PS: Crossed in the cyberspace with Nick's reply.

[Zuhumnan Dapel]

Clearer to me now. Thank you all very much!

[Zuhumnan Dapel]

Dear All, in particular, Carlo and Nick,
How can you contrast this recent conversation http://www.statalist.org/forums/foru...f-consumptions with the one on this platform on thesame issue?

Thanks,
Dapel

[Carlo Lazzaro]

Zuhumnan:
it seems to me that both threads reach similar results.
What's your concern, if any?

[Zuhumnan Dapel]

Thanks. In the recent thread, I used cross-section data and not cohorts. The recent plots show consumption age-profiles, i.e graphing consumption against the age of the household head for various years. The graphs have been smoothed over age-groups, so that each coordinate depicts the average of welfare level for the age. My concern is that, is this a valid exercise since the previous doesn’t seem to be the case?

[Carlo Lazzaro]

Zuhumnan:
being your research field far from mine, I would hasten to give a general recommendation only (that echoes somehow one of Andrew's previous ones): stick with the approach reported by published articles in your research field.
Sorry I cannot be more helpful.